The Ancient Mataram Kingdom (8th–10th centuries AD) was a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom centred in Central Java, founded by King Sanjaya and later moved to East Java by Mpu Sindok. The kingdom was ruled by three dynasties (Sanjaya, Syailendra, Isyana) and left behind major monuments such as Borobudur (Buddqhist) and Prambanan (Hindu), reflecting a strong spirit of religious tolerance.